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Arizona (; ) ((ナバホ語:''Hoozdo Hahoodzo''); O'odham: ''Alĭ ṣonak'') is a state in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the Western United States and of the Mountain West states. It is the sixth largest and the 15th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is one of the Four Corners states. It has borders with New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, California, and Mexico, and one point in common with the southwestern corner of Colorado. Arizona's border with Mexico is 389 miles (626 km) long, on the northern border of the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California. Arizona is the 48th state and last of the contiguous states to be admitted to the Union, achieving statehood on February 14, 1912. It was previously part of the territory of ''Alta California'' in New Spain before being passed down to independent Mexico and later ceded to the United States after the Mexican–American War. The southernmost portion of the state was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase. Southern Arizona is known for its desert climate, with very hot summers and mild winters. Northern Arizona features forests of pine, Douglas fir, and spruce trees; the Colorado Plateau; some mountain ranges (such as the San Francisco Mountains); as well as large, deep canyons, with much more moderate summer temperatures and significant winter snowfalls. There are ski resorts in the areas of Flagstaff, Alpine, and Tucson. In addition to the Grand Canyon National Park, there are several national forests, national parks, and national monuments. About one-quarter of the state〔(All about Arizona ). sheppardsoftware.com. Retrieved September 21, 2010.〕 is made up of Indian reservations that serve as the home of a number of Native American tribes. ==Etymology== The name of the state appears to originate from an earlier Spanish name, ''Arizonac'', derived from the O'odham name ''(unicode:alĭ ṣonak)'', meaning "small spring", which initially applied only to an area near the Mexican silver mining camp of Planchas de Plata, Sonora.〔Bright, William (2004). ''Native American Place Names of the United States''. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, pg. 47〕〔McClintock, James (1916). ''Arizona, Prehistoric, Aboriginal, Pioneer, Modern: The Nation's Youngest Commonwealth within a Land of Ancient Culture''. Chicago: The S.J. Clarke Publishing Co.〕 This is supported by the fact that the area is still known as ''(unicode:alĭ ṣonak)'' in the O'odham language.〔Saxton, Dean, Saxton, Lucille, & Enos, Susie. (1983). ''Dictionary: Tohono O'odham/Pima to English, English to Tohono O'odham/Pima''. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press〕 Another possible origin is the Basque phrase ''haritz ona'' ("the good oak").〔Donald Garate, 2005, "Arizonac, a twentieth-century myth", ''Journal of Arizona History'' 46(2), pp. 161–184〕 There is a misconception that the state's name originated from the Spanish term for "Arid Zone". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arizona」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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